Film Analysis Of Spirited Away - 1247 Words

Spirited Away is an Oscar award winning, 2001 animated film from Japan, written, directed, and animated by Hayao Miyazaki (IMDb: Spirited Away). The story follows Chihiro, A young girl who is dealing with separation from family, tradition, and self-identity. Studio Ghibli films often have younger protagonists in their films, but in an interview with Miyazaki commented that â€Å"[he] felt [Japan] only offered such things as crushes and romance to 10-year-old girls† and that â€Å" [Studio Ghibli] has not made a film for 10-year-old girls, who are in their first stage of adolescence† (Miyazaki 2001). Here, Miyazaki is signifying the lack of, what he sees to be, a proper presentation of a tweenaged girl. Miyazaki refrains from making the main plotline†¦show more content†¦Chihiro is not taken seriously, and this may have been because of her gender. Often times it common for males to be taken more seriously, especially in children’s and tweenager media. Thi s plot point would create an early internalization that her ideas and values are not as valid as her male counterparts. Another instance in which Chihiro is seen without being afforded agency is in her first encounter with Yubaba. There are multiple instances of the power dynamics that exist between the tween character and her elder. When Chihiro initially asks Yubaba for a job at the bathhouse, her mouth is transformed into a zipper that is shut so she can no longer speak (00:36:20). While Yubaba zips Chihiro’s mouth she calls her a â€Å"useless weakling†. This assumption is made from simply looking at her seeing as Chihiro and Yubaba have had no prior interaction. The forced silencing of Chihiro demonstrates that she, as a tween, does not have any valuable input, and is therefore limited in her autonomy due to age and Yubaba’s assumptions about her. By calling her a useless weakling, age and gender are the factors that would be most present. In the bathhouse, Yubaba has many different servants. The work however, appears to be gendered. The men in the bathhouse are greeters, che fs, and very occasionally are they the ones who serve other guests in terms of giving them the baths. The women in the bathhouses are often the ones who serve the food prepared, and service the guests inShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Hayao Miyazaki s Film, Spirited Away1445 Words   |  6 PagesHayao Miyazaki’s film, Spirited Away, depicts the journey of a young girl, Chihiro, into the spirit world and the struggle to escape back into the real world with her parents. Chihiro is the protagonist in Spirited Away. She is a ten year old girl moving to a new house in a new town. While travelling to the new house, her parents take a wrong shortcut which end up in front of a tunnel. After entering into tunnel they found it was the entrance to abandoned theme park which was closed a long time agoRead MoreSpirited Away : Film Directed By Hayao Miyazaki Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pages Spirited Away is film written and directed by Hayao Miyazaki. The messages contained within Spirited Away are almost entirely steeped in symbolism. On the surface, the film can be seen as young girl that struggles through a terrifying situation while trying to maintain and develop her personal identity. This is indeed the story I believe Hayao Miyazaki intended to tell. However, there is symbolic representation behind almost every single character and object of the film. There are smaller metaphorsRead MoreAnalysis of Filming Techniques in Spirited Away1574 Words   |  7 PagesSpirited Away, titled Sen to Chihiro no Kamikakushi in Japan, follows a young girl named Chihiro on an adventurous, yet threatening journey into a magical realm after her parents are turned into pigs. She forms relationships with people that will help her find her way back home such as Haku, Zeniba, and Mr. Kamaji. She also encounters those like Yubaba who try to make her time in the realm of spirits difficult. Spirited Away quickly became Japan’s highest grossing film of all time. It received manyR ead MoreHow Spirited Away, The Emperor And The Assassin, And Journey At The West : Conquering The Demons1575 Words   |  7 Pagesunited by one theme that is history. This analysis will focus on how Spirited Away, The Emperor and the Assassin, and Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons are part of a modern and ancient history that are still practiced today. Even though these movies are a mixture of legends, fictions, and facts we can still appreciate the meaning behind each story. Furthermore, this analysis will enhance East Asian’s historical meaning. Spirited Away is a Japanese movie created by a man thatRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Children876 Words   |  4 Pagesperceive the world around them. If a child forms gender stereotypical schema with regards to aggressive behavior, he or she may end up following the behavior themselves or having unrealistic expectations how others will behave. It is important to analysis just how the media portrays both male and female characters so caretakers can ensure that their children do not form false schemas. This study analyzed the difference in the amount of aggressive behaviors committed by male and female charactersRead MoreMonsoon Wedding Analysis1337 Words   |  6 Pagesmorality o interweave the ancient and the modern, the old-fashioned and the irreverent, the innocent and the sexual in todays globalized Delhi ----- the mise-en-scene Setting Location: o film plays homage to the City of Delhi and depicts modern, cosmopolitan India. o Two-thirds of the film was shot in an affluent farm-house on the citys outskirts o a blend of old and new cities: exteriors of old Mughal Delhi and the gaudy charm of the wedding sari-shops of Karol Bagh juxtaposed withRead MoreBackground and Global Influence of Japanese animation1540 Words   |  7 Pagescan be accepted and communicated across culture. Spirited Away is a good animation example to explain that Japanese animation has profound influences in global cultural communication. Spirited Away was directed by Hayao Miyazaki. It is the most successful film in Japanese history whos grossing over $250 million worldwide and beyond the Titanic(Nausicaa,2012). This is a thoughtful and educational animation. Chihiro is the protagonist of Spirited Away. When she was facing difficulty, she was brave andRead MorePortrayal Of Female Characters Of Hayao Miyazaki s Films1935 Words   |  8 PagesThe Portrayal of Female Characters in Hayao Miyazaki’s Films By Muhammad Aiman Mohd Zin I remembered the first time I was introduced to one of Miyazaki’s most prominent animation film, Spirited Away (2001). The film absolutely captured the essence of what a fantasy world should be. I was mesmerized by the characters, the style, the animation movement and the whole entire world. It was as if the world probably existed somewhere, hidden from the reality we live in. I was hooked with Miyazaki’s workRead MoreKings Speech Intertextuality1357 Words   |  6 PagesHow does Tom Hooper use intertextuality in his film The King’s Speech? Stage 1 English SACE ID: 532883T The King’s Speech is a 2010 movie directed by Tom Hooper which explores the plight of Prince Albert, who has an awful speech impediment, in his reluctant ascension to the throne. Intertextual references to specific external texts, such as Peter Pan, the Tempest, Swanee River and Hamlet, are used proficiently throughout the film to examine and emphasise a range of broader themes of duty, friendshipRead MoreSwot Analysis : Toms Shoes Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pagescountries across the world. The motivated focus on shoes is vital because many diseases in these countries are transferrable through the soil which can be easily prevented with wearing shoes. They continue the CSR with partnering with similar publicly-spirited and research organizations to perform investigations on which areas will benefit the most from the â€Å"one for one’ campaign. Once decisions have been made to who is in need the most, TOMS establishes a partnership with these communities. TOMS provi des

Economic Development Land Tenure Systems Free Essays

Land tenure can be defined as the traditional or legal rights which individuals and groups have to land and the behavior characteristics which directly result from these rights. The above definition denotes social relationships manifested in the property rights which individuals and groups have to the land. Land tenure is a crucial factor in the operation of rural land markets, influencing the pace and direction of agricultural development. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Development Land Tenure Systems or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since land tenure systems govern access to the means of production in agriculture, they have also been an intensely political subject in rural societies. The first indication of tenure considerations is found among certain preliterate or primitive societies. Among these groups the appropriation of land has not assumed importance in and of itself and the land is viewed as free in total. But in some societies which have progressed no further than a hunting and fishing economy, exclusive claims sometimes are made on certain parcels of land. Since colonial times, the dominant belief has been that individual tenure is more progressive, modern, efficient, and better for economic growth than indigenous communal tenure. The arguments in favor of labeling claimed that customary tenure is insecure for the small farmer and provides no incentive for land improvements, that it prevents land from being used as collateral for credit and that it prevents the transfer of land from inefficient users to efficient ones. They expected that indigenous customary tenure would wither, but it has proved surprisingly resilient and adaptable, and has coexisted with modern tenure. The most effective form of policy intervention would be governmental guidance, so that customary tenure systems evolve and operate more effectively. Some studies argue that tenure insecurity is correlated negatively with the quality of resource management. Over usage and degradation of natural resources, such as deforestation and soil erosion, are often characterized because of incomplete, inconsistent property rights, as the costs are borne by society as a whole, whereas benefits accrue to individuals. The relationship between customary tenure and land degradation indicates that customary tenure is partly responsible for land degradation. However the behavior that leads to land degradation by smallholder farmers under customary tenure cannot be linked to their lack of tenure security under customary tenure. Rather it is linked to other reasons such as lack of knowledge of conservation practices, use of traditional agricultural production practices that are not sustainable, and lack of inputs such as labor. In this regard, small farmers need extension methods that focus on relevant technologies that promote sustainable agricultur al production. (Lynn Smith, 1953) The concept of land reform is itself a controversial and semantically intriguing topic. Its narrowest and traditional meaning confines it to land distribution. A broader view includes in it other related changes in agricultural institutions, such as credit, taxation, rents, cooperatives, etc. It can also be interperated that these reforms are practically synonymous with all agricultural improvement measures — better seeds, price policies, irrigation, research, mechanization, etc. The Land Tenure reforms to be found in any country appear to a great extent to be the function of government. They are closely related to the social and economic well-being of the people. The latter fact sets the stage for the discussion in this chapter. Its concern is the major forms or systems of land tenure and the distinct patterns of social and economic relationships characteristic of each. By way of illustration they point out, among other examples, that individualism and individual initiative are usually more developed in a community of individual farm-owners on small holdings than in a community where one or a few men own all the land and the workers are serfs, laborers, or non-managing tenants of one kind or another. The extent to which the ownership and control of the land is concentrated in a few hands or widely distributed among those who live from farming is probably the most important single determinant of the welfare of the people on the land. Throughout the world wherever there is a widespread distribution of land ownership and control. The implication of intense pressure of farm population on agricultural land inevitably results in a farm-tenure situation that is unsatisfactory from the point of view of working farm people. This is so because pressure of population on land drives down the marginal productivity of labor and the real return to labor as a factor of production. If farm land-tenure reforms are not accompanied by policies to reduce excessive pressure of farm population on agricultural land, such reforms are likely to be of little or no avail. Fortunately, the two recent programs to assist depressed rural areas to some degree reflect an awareness of this principle. The term that is basic to land tenure theory and which helps to explain the usefulness of the interdisciplinary approach is distribution. According to economic theory, laying aside all qualifying statements for the sake of simplicity, the impersonal market distributes economic rewards according to merit. However, is too narrow a concept to explain fully the distribution principle even in a † free † market. (Alvin L. Bertrand, Floyd L. Corty 1962) The reform or liberal position on the land question thus far had been to make the public-land system function in a democratic way by assuring the small man the right to acquire a piece of the national domain. Limitations were put in the Preemption, the Graduation, the Homestead Acts and their variations to make certain that only the small man could take advantage of them until the issue of the patent, but beyond that they had no effect. All such measures were therefore used by large interests acting through fake buyers to acquire lands they could not legally acquire otherwise. Timber land in Wisconsin, Minnesota, California, and Washington, grazing lands in Colorado, Wyoming, Arizona, and Idaho, wheat lands in Kansas, Nebraska, North and South Dakota passed into the hands of great lumber companies, cattle companies, and bonanza farm groups under laws that were designed to prevent large-scale accumulation. The unwillingness of Congress to experiment with restrictions on alienation made inevitable the concentration of ownership which grieved western agrarians. (Alvin L. Bertrand, Floyd L. Corty, 1962) Evans, Greeley, George, and other radicals had failed to carry the mass of land reformers with them on the question of alienability. Americans found it easy to be radical or to favor reform when to do so did not impose any self limitation, but few were attracted to any idea that might restrict their right to accumulate property or to sell and gain the unearned increment. The reforms which were being adopted at this late time were both ineffective and to some extent unwise. Since the desirable size for land-use units was increasing as population moved into the arid and semi-arid regions, the 320 acre limitation on the amount of government land persons could acquire compelled either evasion and abuse of the laws to acquire adequately sized units or the establishment of small grain farms in areas unsuited to cultivation. This pattern of evasion and abuse of the land laws and the establishment of small grain farms in areas better planned by nature for grazing carried well into the twentieth century. Not until 1934 were comprehensive and far-reaching reforms initiated to produce a desirable and constructive plan of land use. The preponderant, almost the universal view of Americans until near the end of the nineteenth century was that the government should get out of the land business as rapidly as possible by selling or giving to settlers, donating for worthy purposes and ceding the lands to the states which should in turn pass them swiftly into private hands. No matter how badly owners abused their holdings through reckless cultivation, destructive and wasteful cutting of the timber, prodigal and careless mining for coal and drilling for oil, few questioned their right to subject their property to any form of use or abuse. An extensive part of the fertile coastal plain and piedmont of the South and of the hill-farming area of the northeast could be cultivated in such a way as to reduce the land to barren, gullied, and eroded tracts no longer able to produce crops, to support families, and to carry their share of community costs, but few denied the right of the owners to do as they wished with their property or, more fundamentally, questioned the system of land distribution that seemed to invite such practices. The shore line of the Atlantic, of bays and inlets, of inland lakes all near congested urban areas could be monopolized by a wealthy few, and still there were few complaints. Rich landlords, speculators, and corporations could buy unlimited amounts of land from the United States, or purchase from other owners who had acquired tracts from the state or federal government and keep their holdings from development for years, thereby blighting whole areas, delaying the introduction of schools and roads and doing immeasurable harm to neighboring residents. References Alvin L. Bertrand, Floyd L. Corty (1962) Rural Land Tenure in the United States: A Socio- Economic Approach to Problems, Programs, and Trends. Southwest Land Tenure Research Committee   Louisiana State University Press. Place of Publication: Baton Rouge Alvin L. Bertrand, † The Social System as a Conceptual and Analytical Device in the Study of Land Tenure,† Land Tenure Workshop Report, Chap. VII. Lynn Smith, The Sociology of Rural Life (3d ed.; New York: Harper Bros., 1953), 274. Rawls John ( 1971) The Theory of Justice. Belknap Press. Rawls J (2001) Justice as Fairness: A Restatement. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Roth Michael 2002) Integrating Land Issues and Land Policy with Poverty Reduction and Roland R. Renne, Land Economics ( New York: Harper Bros., 1947), 429. William H. Nicholls, † Southern Traditions and Regional Economic Progress,† Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 26 ( January, 1960), 187-98; id., Southern Traditions and Regional Economic Progress ( Chapel Hill, N. C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1960). How to cite Economic Development Land Tenure Systems, Essay examples

An Unexpected Encounter Essay Example For Students

An Unexpected Encounter Essay Life is a journey with problems to solve, lessons to learn, but most of all, experience to learn. My mom was in Chicago for vacation, and I had 38 weeks of pregnancy of my second girl. My mom also was in Chicago to take care of me for when I deliver my second baby. Since she was in Chicago I want to take her out, so she can know the city because she never had been in Chicago. For this reason, we decide to make a trip to the Navy Pier. Everything started one cold and sunny morning. In a Friday November 1, 2013 my mom, my 6 years old daughter, and me decided to go out in my blue minivan before my baby born. We went to the Navy Pier to walk around; in the Navy Pier we took a lot of pictures. My mom was very excited looking the lake and boats. In the Navy Pier causality they have an art presentation, so we stay for a little while and saw the presentation. Later, we stop in one of the shop of the Navy Pier and my mom bought some souvenir for my dad and my sister (they live and NY). After a short time, we decide to buy some hot chocolate and cookies because was a little chili. My daughter was running around and she wants to go to the store name Build-the-bear, so we decide to get into the store and build a bear. She chooses a yellow pony with long pink hair, inside the pony she put a heart with the song my little pony, also she got white shoes with sparkles and a long pink and white cape. After that, we still walking around the Navy Pier and taking more pictures, by the day goes by we decide to go eat something to a restaurant and the most close was Olive Garden. We decide to go there because my mom and my daughter love that restaurant. Finally, after 15 minutes driving we got to the restaurant, right away they sit us. The waitress came and took or order, everybody order pasta and for desert we got chocolate cake, we pay the bill and we left. When I was driving back home. We were entering in an intersection I saw the light turn yellow and I step on, so I will have time to cross the intersection. Suddenly, another minivan was coming from my left side, but I did not see it; however, when I saw it I tried to avoid it, but the minivan still hit my car in the driver side very hard making a strong noise, like you hit something; for this reason my daughter was screaming, my mom just said â€Å"are you ok, oh my God, are you ok, oh my God†. â€Å"I said yes I am ok and you? † â€Å"She said yes† I ask my daughter if she is ok she said yes, I told her do not cry everything is going to be fine; but At the same time I was nervous and worry for my baby too. I tried to open the door to get out of my car, but I could not the door was stock, so I jump to the back seat and open the back door and get out to see how bad it was the accident. The lady who was driving the minivan came to me and started screaming lady: â€Å"is your fault, you pass the light, look what you did, are you stupid or what†, then I told her â€Å"are you ok, lets come down† she said â€Å"no look what you did, are you blind or what† I told her â€Å"stop screaming I can hear you† â€Å"lets move to the side†, I am trying to move my car but my car does not start, so others persons came and help me to push my car to the side; then I call 911. .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 , .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 .postImageUrl , .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 , .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1:hover , .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1:visited , .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1:active { border:0!important; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1:active , .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1 .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaeb5e4c9e0b733a2c46aee49778a35b1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Kabuki architecture EssayOperator: what is your emergency Me: well I had a car accident and I am pregnant and I have abdominal pain Operator: can you tell me where are you Me: no I do not where I am, the name of the street I cannot see it Operator: I will send an ambulance the soon as possible Me: ok thank you Like 5 minutes later the ambulance, police officer, and the fire truck came, I am sitting down in the passenger seat; the paramedic came and asks me: Paramedic: where it hurt Me: down in my abdomen Paramedic: how many weeks you have? Me: 38 weeks Paramedic: lets take you to the hospital, so they can check you to be sure everything is ok. Me: but what will happen with my mom, she does not speak English. Paramedic: the officer speak Spanish do not worry. Then the officer came and asks for my ID, my insurance, and my car registration. I gave it to her. She told me do not worry I will take care of your mom and daughter. The paramedic took me to the ambulance. Inside of the ambulance they check my blood pressure and took me to the closer hospital, which one was Saint Louis. When I get to the hospital they put me in a room to check me, then the doctor came and check me he said everything looks ok, but we have to keep you in observation at least for 3 hours. Later, a nurse came and I told her could you call my husband and let him know where I am, she said yes of course, so I gave her his phone number she called him and  ½ hour later he was there, as soon he got there the officer from the accident brought my mom and daughter too; suddenly, the doctor and nurse came into the room running and check the monitor and he told me I cannot let you go because the baby heartbeat went to low, I want to keep you for the night I said ok than. The next day it was Saturday another doctor came and check he, after a while he told me we are going to keep you here, so you will have to delivery your baby here I said fine. Sunday morning pass then in the afternoon I started with the contractions, after a while, I told the nurse I need an epidural, she call the anesthetic he came and put the epidural; as a result, of the epidural I could not feel any more the pain. After a while, they have to take the epidural out, so I start feeling pain and I will push. As soon, I finish delivering my baby they transfer me to the recovery room; suddenly, in the middle of the night I started bleeding a lot and it was not only blood it was big clot too, so I called the nurse the nurse came with the doctor and check me. After a while, they have to do a scraping because they left a piece of placenta inside of me. They gave me an anesthesia and put me to sleep. When I woke up everything was finish and I was in the recovery room. After two days of recovering, finally we got home. In conclusion, this experience changes my life in a good way. This experience show me, that in one second you life can change for good or bad; after all this, I changed my way of driving, now I stop when I see a yellow light. In addition, if us like drivers we are, put more attention to the road or lights least accident will happen.

Living By number free essay sample

The summary This case basically explains about the dilemma that faced by Hafiz Hashim who is the CFO of MarineCorp Sdn Bhd (MarineCorp). This company was incorporated in 1992 and was a subsidiary of SURIA. MarineCorp has two wholly subsidiaries which are Green Port Sdn Bhd (GreenPort) and Sungai Emas Port Sdn Bhd. Its main operation was the maritime solutions providers for the SURIA group of companies like provide marine consulting services to SURIA and its related contractors that included those for newly vessels for upstream and downstream oil and gas operations. There are some problems occurred which are the chairman who is president of SURIA want Hafiz to use value based management (VBM) method to evaluate performance evaluation and appraisal of the employees based on economic earnings. Nevertheless, hafiz has different opinion with the chairman. He thought that value company performance should be measured based on investment make by equity and debts holders. We will write a custom essay sample on Living By number or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It means that they need to see investment based on expected return and cost of capital incurred by company. The protagonist The protagonist or decision maker for this case is Hafiz Hashim. He is the CFO of MarineCorp and responsible to report the financial performance of MarineCorp and its two subsidiaries which are Green Port Sdn Bhd and Sungai Emas Port Sdn Bhd to the company’s board. The major issues There are two main issues faced by CFO of MarineCorp, Hafiz Hashim. First issue was when President of Suria had wanted Value Based Management (VBM) to be used for the Suria Group, its subsidiaries and associated companies. Second, Hafiz was in a dilemma whether to use economic earnings as required by the Group or profits as practiced by MarineCorp to report the financial performance of MarineCorp and its subsidiaries. The problem There are several problems that have been detected happen in the organization. First, CFO faced pressured from GM of Green Port and MarineCorp regarding accounting issues and they urge to improve company’s performance so that both of them could achieved their performance indicator. With regard to GM of Green Port, Anita Osman, she had requested to the CFO to amortize the dredging costs in order to improve the company’s profit for the best interests of the company as well as to achieve her KPI target. However, CFO argued that cost of dredging have to be charged in the financial year they were incurred. Similarly, GM of MarineCorp, Lee Chong Way, he disagreed with the recommendation proposed by CFO to pay dividends to its shareholder because the cash resources are used to generate interest income on fund investments. Besides, the company should focus on improving profit as it is the main evaluation in company’s ranking. However, it is actually his performance target that must be achieved. Second, Chairman also requested him to rank the three companies in terms of their financial performance. But, the questions arise on how it should get measured. For example, use profitability as the sole measurement, identify better performance indicator to ensure fair evaluation or determine specific action to improve performance. Despite to that, the chairman emphasized on the importance of holding onto the group value drivers to ensure survival and success. Third, the Chairman had questioned about the conflict of the registered net profit after tax for the period 2009. Through the CFO analysis, he said that company’s actually destroying its value. Thus, chairman urges him to suggest on how to improve the performance of the company because this contradiction may affect the performance evaluation of the GMs and CEO. The brief description of the case exhibits Based on the Appendix G, the company performance has been measured by Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT), Average Invested Capital, Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) and Capital Charged. Green Port has showing the highest profit, followed by MarineCorp and Sungai Emas Port. Under Value Based Management (VBM), Green Port has showing a negative figure which is -14,588,232, where by Sungai Emas Port and MarineCorp are 5,030,563 and 14,274,611 respectively. This is indicated value has destroyed for Green Port and Sungai Emas Port and MarineCorp are creating value for the company.

How Runoff Primaries Work in US Politics

How Runoff Primaries Work in US Politics Runoff primaries are held in nearly a dozen states when no candidate in a race for their partys nomination for state or federal office is able to win a simple majority of the vote. Runoff primaries amount to a second round of voting, but only the two top vote-getters appear on the ballot - a move that ensures one of them will win support from at least 50 percent of voters. All other states require the nominee to win only a plurality, or the most number of votes in the race.   This requirement that you have a majority vote is hardly unique. We require the president to get a majority in the  Electoral College. Parties have to get majorities to choose presidents. As John Boehner can explain, you also need to have majority support in the  House  to become  speaker, Charles S.  Bullock III, a political scientist at the University of Georgia, said during a 2017 panel discussion held by the National Conference of State Legislatures. Runoff primaries are  most common in  the South and date back to single-party rule. The use of runoff primaries is more likely when there are more than two candidates seeking the nomination for a statewide seat such as governor or U.S. senator. The requirement that party nominees win at least 50 percent of the vote is seen as a deterrent to electing extremist candidates, but critics argue holding second primaries to achieve this goal is costly and often alienates large swaths of potential voters.   10States That Use Runoff Primaries The states that require nominees for state and federal office to win a certain threshold  of votes and hold runoff primaries when that doesnt happen, according to FairVote and the National Conference of State Legislatures, are: Alabama: Requires nominees to win at least 50 percent of the vote.  Arkansas:  Requires nominees to win at least 50 percent of the vote.  Georgia:  Requires nominees to win at least 50 percent of the vote.  Louisiana:  Requires nominees to win at least 50 percent of the vote.  Mississippi:  Requires nominees to win at least 50 percent of the vote.  North Carolina:  Requires nominees to win at least 40 percent of the vote.  Oklahoma:  Requires nominees to win at least 50 percent of the vote.  South Carolina:  Requires nominees to win at least 50 percent of the vote.  South Dakota:  Requires certain nominees to win at least 35 percent of the vote.  Texas:  Requires nominees to win at least 50 percent of the vote.   History of Runoff Primaries The use of runoff primaries dates to the South in the early 1900s, when Democrats held a lock on electoral politics. With little competition from Republican or third parties, the Democrats essentially chose their candidates not in the general election but the primaries; whoever won the nomination was guaranteed electoral victory. Many southern states set artificial thresholds to protect white Democratic candidates from being toppled by other candidates who won with mere pluralities. Others such as Arkansas authorized the use of runoff elections to block extremists and hate groups including the Ku Klux Klan from winning party primaries. Justification forRunoff Primaries Runoff primaries are used for the same reasons today: they force candidates to achieve support from a broader portion of the electorate, thereby reducing the chance voters will elect extremists. According to Wendy Underhill, an expert on  elections and redistricting,  and researcher  Katharina Owens Hubler: The requirement for a majority vote (and thus the potential for a primary runoff) was intended to encourage candidates to broaden their appeal to a wider range of voters, to reduce the likelihood of electing candidates who are at the ideological extremes of a party, and to produce a nominee who may be more electable in the general election. Now that the South is solidly Republican, the same issues still hold true. Some states have also moved to open primaries to try to reduce partisanship. Downsides of Runoff Primaries Turnout data show that participation declines in runoff elections, meaning those who do turnout might not fully represent the interests of the district as a whole. And, of course, it costs money to hold primaries. So taxpayers in states that hold runoffs are on the hook for not one but two primaries. Instant Runoff Primaries An alternative to runoff primaries growing in popularity is the instant runoff. Instant runoffs require the use of ranked-choice voting in which voters identify their first, second and third preferences. The initial count uses every voters top choice. If no candidate hits the 50-percent threshold to secure the party nomination, the candidate with the fewest votes is dropped and a recount is held. This process is repeated until one of the remaining candidates gets a majority of votes. Maine became the first state to adopt ranked-choice voting in 2016; it uses the method in state races including those for​ the legislature.

5 Study Secrets to Ace Your Exams

5 Study Secrets to Ace Your Exams Most students hate tests. They hate the feeling of trying to remember the answer to a question, worrying that they focused on the wrong material, and waiting to receive their results. Whether you learn at a traditional school or study from the comfort of your own home, chances are you’ll have to sit through many test-taking experiences. But there are a few tricks you can learn now to avoid the worry before you’re in the heat of the moment. Give these five proven study tips a try and see how much better you feel during your next exam. 1. Survey your textbook or workbook before you read. Take a couple of minutes to find the glossary, index, study questions and other important information. Then, when you sit down to study, you’ll know where to find the answers you are looking for. Make sure you read any study questions before you read the chapter. These questions let you know what you can probably expect in any upcoming tests, papers or projects. 2. Attack your textbook with sticky notes. As you read, summarize (write down the main points in just a few sentences) each section of the chapter on a post-it note. After you have read the entire chapter and summarized each section, go back and review the post-it notes. Reading the post-it notes is an easy and efficient way to review information and, because each note is already in the section it summarizes, you can easily find the information you need. 3. Use a graphic organizer to take notes when you read. A graphic organizer is a form you can use to organize information. As you read, fill out the form with important information. Then, use your graphic organizer to help you study for the test. Try using the Cornell notes worksheet. Not only does this organizer let you record important terms, ideas, notes and summaries, it also lets you quiz yourself on that information by folding the answers upside down. 4. Make your own practice test. After you finish reading, pretend you are a professor who is writing a test for the chapter. Review the material you just read and make up your own practice test. Include all vocabulary words, study questions (they’re usually at the beginning or end of the chapter), and highlighted words you can find, as well as any other information you think is important. Take the test you’ve created to see if you remember the information. If not, go back and study some more. 5. Create visual flashcards. Flashcards aren’t just for primary students. Many college students find them useful as well. Before you take a test, make flashcards that will help you remember important terms, people, places and dates. Use one 3-by-5-inch index for each term. On the front of the card, write down the term or question you need to answer and draw a picture that will help you remember it. This will help ensure that you grasp the study material as you’ll find that it’s almost impossible to sketch something you don’t really understand. On the back of the card write down the definition of the term or the answer to the question. Review these cards and quiz yourself before the actual test.

Retail at the speed of fashion (case study) Essay

Retail at the speed of fashion (case study) - Essay Example On the other hand, Zara has individually owned manufacturing units in and around Spain. It has full control over the manufacturing facilities giving them better flexibility. Only the raw materials like undyed fabric are purchased from countries like India and Morocco. The dependence on the suppliers is minimal for Zara. Buyer Power- An industry like fashion is characterized by very high buyer power. The power of the buyers is not in terms of bargaining but in terms of taste and preferences, which can change very swiftly. Zara has a well-dedicated designing team, which produces about 12,000 styles per year. This helps Zara to respond to changes quickly. Threat of Substitutes- Trends in fashion lasts for a very short period. It is substituted by a newer trend. Zara has maintained its position in the industry because it continuously changes to newer trend. It reacts faster than that of the other companies in the business. Barriers to entry- A new company coming into the industry will need a lot of time to be successful. The Capital requirement is high in the industry and one of the most important factors is the Brand identity. These factors create barriers to entry in the industry and there will be very few new competitors in the global scenario. Degree of Rivalry- Zara is a globally accepted brand, which is targeted to all sectors of the society. Brands like Gucci and Armani are more coveted brands not affordable to all. The other companies falling in the category of Zara are Gap, Hennes & Mauritz etc. The competition among these brands is not intense. Moreover, Zara has the competitive advantage of the least response time. The generic strategies developed by Porter states that the profitability of the firm depends on the industry attractiveness. Strengths of a firm can be categorized mainly under two heads- cost advantage and differentiation. By applying

Literautre search and literature review on handwashing

Literautre search and on handwashing - Literature review Example Only those studies conducted among subjects in United Kingdom in the last five years were selected. Several aspects of hand washing including health implications, promotion programs, practices and beliefs are discussed by each the researches. It is of utmost importance to establish first the need of hand washing. Basically it serves the purpose of preventing the transmission of infectious diseases. While there are several infectious diseases that cannot be prevented by mere hand washing, the simpler ones are actually of more significance because of its prevalence in the society. As such, focus has been given to diarrhea, being one of the leading causes of child death (Boschi-Pinto 2008) and viral respiratory infections. Moreover, bacteria causing these diseases are usually transferred between surfaces (Curtis et al. 2011, p.312), through hand contamination, for example. The researches conducted, are therefore rooted on the premise that since hand washing can prevent the transfer of disease-causing bacteria between surfaces, the different aspects of this practice should be explored in depth. The study of Curtis et al. (2011, p.312) emphasized that through the practice of proper hygiene, reducing the global burden of infectious disease need not to be costly. But despite this, it is quite unfortunate, that the importance of this practice has been overlooked in the area of public health. Yet through the information obtained by the authors, they were able to find hope that the present situation in terms of hygiene would gradually improve. In the beginning of the paper, Curtis et al. (2011, p. 312) established the evidence that there is indeed a risk that has to be controlled by identifying the means by which public health practitioners estimate the threats. These are the same steps being followed by the World Health Organization. The

Health and Social Care Communication Essay Example for Free

Health and Social Care Communication Essay The communication cycle was discovered by Argyle in 1972. The cycle consists of six areas, all of these six areas are important during communication, if any of these areas of the cycle are disrupted then the receiver would not understand or may interpret the message wrongly. The first stage to this cycle is to have a starting idea or the code of the message; in this stage the mind processes on how the sentence is going to be told, such as the tone of the voice and also what words will need to be used so that the receiver will interpret the message correctly. The thoughts will be put into the language or into some other code such as sign language. The second stage of how to say what you want to say to make sure the receiver understands what you are saying and interprets it how you are meaning them to. see more:promoting effective communication and relationships in health and social care This means what non-verbal language you are going to use as you are talking so they understand what you mean, also the tone. The tone is the key to how the receiver is going to interpret your message. The third stage to the communication cycle is to say it or to send the message, during this stage you will speak or sign or communicate in some way as long as the message is sent. During this stage the environment around you is the key to making sure the receiver can understand the words that you are saying. For example if you are in a loud room, and you are trying to communicate with another person the receiver is more than likely going to get the message you have sent, wrong because the receiver might not be able to hear all of the words that are said. This means that they will have to assume what words were said to make the sentence make sense. The fourth stage is message received, the receiver here hears or sees the words that you have said, and they have heard you properly and not missed any words out because if they have then this is where the communication goes wrong. The fifth stage is message decoded the receiver now has to interpret your message, e.g. what you have said. This is not always as easy as it seems as the other person will make some assumptions about your body language and the words that you have used. The final stage of the communication cycle is message understood, the final stage is the receiver has to understand what your message is through all the correct non-verbal language, and verbal response, if all goes well the cycle is finished. Tuckman made a theory about group discussions in 1965.Tuckman suggested that nearly all groups go through a process involving four stages when they first meet. The stages are called forming, storming, norming and performing. All these stages make the group become stronger and make sure that they are in the correct group. Forming is the first stage of the theory, so when a group gets together, they introduce themselves to the group. Most people have their best faces on and are polite; people do this because of first impressions. First impressions are important to people in the group because the impression a person sets is what other people expect from that person all of the time. Storming is finding out about each other, find out more about each other what people interest and strengths is, this is also the stage where people brain storm. But this is the stage where most people drop out because they find out that this is not the correct group for them. Norming is where the trust begins, this is the stage where team members support others and listen to other team member’s opinion. Everyone seems to get a sense of belonging and the group is now recognised and identified as a group. The final stage performing is where group members can rely on others on helping them if they are needed, where loyalty is high now. People can go in sub groups to get the work done faster. â€Å"Tuckman then added a fifth stage (Adjourning) in the 1970s to cover the end-game in his explanation of how groups develop.† Adjourning was added to end the group when the group finishes and separates as eventually all groups will separate, when groups separate they might have a party, or they might make plans to what they want to do next in life. Tuckman said after completing his theory: â€Å"Groups initially concern themselves with orientation accomplished primarily through testing. Such testing serves to identify the boundaries of both interpersonal and task behaviours. Coincident with testing in the interpersonal realm is the establishment of dependency relationships with leaders, other group members, or preexisting standards. It may be said that orientation, testing and dependence constitute the group process of forming.† (Wolfwise, 2012) It is important to have effective communication in the work of health and social care because if there isn’t effective communication between doctor and patient then the patient will get confused and overwhelmed. They will just want to walk out. It is important that doctors or nurses do not use jargon whilst talking to a patient as this will affect communication dramatically. If the doctor talks in jargon to a patient in the cycle they will only get to stage four because the patients won’t be able to decode what the doctor has just said this means that this communication is ineffective and this will have affected the patient. But if the doctor used language she understood then the patient would understand and would complete the conversation. There are lots of different types of ways to communicate in a health and social care environment there is: one to one, group, formal, informal, verbal, and written and loads more. All of these ways of communicating is great for health and social care all depending on how you use them all. If you use all these but you use them poorly then this is poor communication but if you use them all well then this is obviously good communication. (Developing effective communication in Health and Social Care. June 2011) Developing effective communication in Health and Social Care.

Hippocrates’ Role in the Shift From Irrational to Rational Medicine in

Although populations in ancient societies suffered attacks, invasions, starvation, and persecution, there was a more efficient killer that exterminated countless people. The most dreaded killers in the ancient world were disease, infections and epidemics. In many major wars the main peril was not gunfire, nor assault, but the easily communicable diseases that rapidly wiped out whole divisions of closely quartered soldiers. Until the time of Hippocrates, in the struggle between life and death, it was, more often than not, death that prevailed when a malady was involved. In the modern world, although illness is still a concern, advances in thought and technique have led to the highest birth rates in recorded history. No longer is a fever a cause for distress; a quick trip to the store and a few days of rest is the current cure. An infection considered easily treatable today could have meant disablement, even death to an ancient Greek citizen. In modern medicine when an ailment arises it can be quickly diagnosed, attributed to a precise bacteria, virus, or body system, and treated with medication, surgery or therapy. During the time before rational medical thought, this streamlined system of treatment was unheard of, and all complaints were attributed to the will of the multitude of commonly worshiped Greek gods (Greek Medicine 1). It was during the period of Greek rationalism that a perceptible change in thought was manifested in the attitudes towards treating disease. Ancient Greece is often associated with its many brilliant philosophers, and these great thinkers were some of the first innovators to make major developments in astrology, physics, math and even medicine. Among these academics was Hippocrates, one of the first e... ...ill Cornell Medical College. 2005. Web. 10 Apr. 2015. . Sources consulted: "Greek Medicine - Asclepius." U.S National Library of Medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 02 July 2012. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. . Hippocrates. On Regimen in Acute Diseases. Trans. Adams, Francis. Ca 400 BC. MS. The Internet Classics Archive: 441 Searchable Works of Classical Literature. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Web. 11 Apr. 2015. . Hippocrates. On Airs, Waters, and Places. Trans. Adams, Francis. Ca 400 BC. MS. The Internet Classics Archive: 441 Searchable Works of Classical Literature. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Web. 11 Apr. 2015. .

Similarity and Coyote

Martinez, Jose Per. 2 9-14-12 â€Å"Coyote and the Buffalo† and â€Å"Fox and Coyote and Whale† are both trickster tales in the Native American culture. These trickster tales do share similarities; however they do share a difference as well. The similarities between these two trickster tales is that they explain why the world is how it is, and they present morale teachings, but the difference in these is how Coyote is portrayed in the trickster tales.One similarity that these two trickster tales have is that they explain why the world is how it is. For example in â€Å"Coyote and the Buffalo† Coyote kills the young cow that was given to him by Buffalo Bull as food, then he goes to Buffalo Bull to ask for another one, but the young cow that Coyote had killed has returned from the dead and refuses to go with him and Buffalo Bull also denies him another one. This explains why there are no buffalo in the Kettle Falls on the Columbia River, all because of Coyote.In â €Å"Fox and Coyote and Whale† Fox and Coyote go after Fox’s wife who was kidnapped by Whale. After Fox and Coyote rescue her, Fox cuts off Whale’s head and tosses it into the ocean and that is why whales don’t live in the rivers and Whale could no longer make love to the wives of other men. The trickster tale also explains why Land People and Water people don’t love each other because Fox killed Whale. Another similarity between these two trickster tales is the moral teachings.The moral teaching in â€Å"Coyote and the Buffalo† is to not be greedy. An example would be when Coyote killed the young cow for more food because he was tired of eating the fat of the young cow and as a result he gets the remains of the young cow stolen and is soon left with nothing. In â€Å"Fox and Coyote and Whale† the moral is to be helpful and selfless. An example would be when Fox and Coyote set on a quest to rescue Fox’s wife from Whale.In the en d Fox ends up getting his wife back because Coyote was selfless and helpful. The difference is how Coyote is portrayed in these trickster tales. In â€Å"Coyote and the Buffalo† Coyote can be seen as a coward because when he his in a tree with Buffalo Bull on the ground trying to knock the tree down and trying to kill him Coyote bargains with Buffalo Bull that if he spares his life he will make him new horns. However, in â€Å"Fox and Coyote and Whale† Coyote can be seen as a hero.He helps his brother, Fox, rescue his wife. In the first trickster tale he is seen as someone who only helps himself unlike in the second one he is seen as someone who helps his brother. In conclusion, both of these tales are similar, but they do have at least one difference. What they have in common can be seen in how they explain why the world is the way it is and moral teachings. They do, however, have a difference and its how the character Coyote is portrayed in each trickster tale.

Operative Report on Russell Jones

OPERATIVE REPORT Jones, Russell 8004320 Kurt Brockton, MD May 17, 2013 SURGEON: Kurt Brockton, MD PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS 1. Primary hyperparathyroidism. 2. History of lung cancer. POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS 1. Primary hyperparathyroidism. 2. History of lung cancer. PROCEDURE Subtotal parathyroid resection. ANESTHESIA General. PROCEDURE IN DETAIL With the patient in the supine position after adequate prepping and draping of the neck, a standard collar incision was made. Hemostasis was obtained with a cautery. The platysma muscle was elevated from the underlying strap muscles to the thyroid notch superiorly and the sternal notch inferiorly.Strap muscles were dissected free of the midline. The right thyroid lobe was exposed. The middle thyroid vein was divided between three 0 silk ties. The gland was reflected anteromedially. Upon reflection of the gland there appeared to be an enlarged parathyroid gland attached to the lateral aspect of the lower pole. The gland was reflected more anterio rly, and the right upper gland was found posterior to the middle portion of the gland. The left thyroid gland was exposed, and the middle thyroid vein was divided between three 0 silk ties. The gland was reflected anteromedially.A right lower gland was found attached to or adjacent to the lateral aspect of the lower pole corresponding to the position of the lower gland on the right side. The gland was reflected more anteromedially, and the right upper gland was found on the posterior side of the midportion of the thyroid gland but not as medial as the one on the right side. Biopsies were taken of the left upper, left lower, and right upper glands. The right lower gland was removed in toto. The path report revealed the right lower gland to be an adenoma, and the remainder of the glands appeared normal.Only a small amount of parathyroid tissue was seen in the left upper gland, but the cut surface appeared to be parathyroid and bled as it would do. Hemostasis was obtained with a cauter y where necessary. Some Surgicel was placed over the cut end of the left upper gland. Strap muscles were then closed with 3-0 Vicryl, the OPERATIVE REPORT Patient Name: Jones, Russell Hospital No. : 8004320 May 17, 2013 Page 2 subcutaneous and platysma with 3-0 Vicryl, and the skin with skin staples. A dressing was applied. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the recovery room in stable condition. Kurt Brockton, MD

Essay Sample on Surrealism in Photography

Essay Sample on Surrealism in Photography Photography enriches our lives in many ways. A creative photographer is one who selects and captures qualities in their subject that make the picture artistic rather than plain and common. Ways of making photographs creative and more interesting can be by using different techniques and art movements. Surrealism is a movement in art that attempts to express the subconscious mind. It is a style that shows strange objects and shapes like those in dreams and fantasies. During the period of 1928, the surrealist movement within photography was in what was known as its transition from an intuitive to a reasoning phase. Surrealism allows the viewer to enter a realm of dreams by conquest and normatively. Some take the history of photography to embody the political potential of surrealism in a variety of ways. They replace the notion of ‘photography as an art’ with the idea of ‘art as photography’. It allows a window and everlasting view of the surroundings. Surrealism hoped to accomplish similar achievements, but instead of the surroundings around people, it is the surroundings in their dreams and fantasies. It was a way of expressing what a person sees that others can’t. Photography could be seen in a special and interesting way, with the surrealists aimed at restoring the interest and quality to photos with an added magical concept to everyday objects and images. One great photographer who used the method of surrealism and was able to capture images that appeared to be from dreams and fantasies was Kevin Wilson. He has been doing photography for many years and states that â€Å"all my photographic work is dream inspired†. (Quote: The surrealist look at art). Like many other surrealists photographs, Wilson attempted to recreate the feelings, anxieties and emotions evoked through his dreams. Kevin worked with digital photography for many years and then begun experimenting with other methods such as pinhole cameras, solarisation, photogram, photomontage, glass negative and double exposure. Most of these techniques provide an unpredictable and hazy nature which is ideal for recreating dream settings. The pinhole camera is considered a very simple technique. There is no need for a lens just a light proof box with a pin hole opening that allows light to hit a sheet of film. There is a lack of control which means you can never be sure how the final image will look. This technique provides a dream like quality and the image taken can be difficult to comprehend. Another technique is solarisation, it is the result of shinning light onto a developing photograph in the darkroom. The effect is a selective reversal of highlights and shadows where parts of the image are positive while other parts are negative and this can leave a distinct line where the reversal has occurred. It can produce dramatic effects of light and dark. A photogram is created without a camera, it is made by placing an object directly onto or holding it above light sensitive paper in a darkroom and then exposing it to light. Photomontage consists of combining several photographs together for each print. It is an ideal method for unifying unrelated elements producing images that have a dream like quality. Glass negative is a photographic print that is made from a design drawn onto a glass negative. Usually a drawing is scratched onto a coated glass plate that was then contact-printed onto sensitised paper. Double exposure is a film negative that has two separate images in the same frame. The photographer takes one photo, then focuses on another object and takes a second photo without forwarding the film. These are just some of the different techniques that the surrealist photographers use to create the dream and fantasy like images. Kevin Wilson was a self-taught photographer, therefore everything he knows and knows about photography has come through a process of trial and error. This has given him the opportunity of having a great deal of freedom. Since he was unaware of the depth and knowledge involved with photography, when he received his first camera he basically made up his own ways to suit the subject matter. When following an art movement such as surrealism within photography it was a lot easier for him to just forget any of the rules involved with photography and follow whatever method was necessary. Wilson is using photography and surrealism as a way to explore his own emotions and dreams. The art movement of surrealism is quite a difficult one to follow. Though it does offer photographers, such as Kevin Wilson a way of exploring and sharing his emotions and dreams. Through his photography all these emotions, anxieties and fantasies are able to surface and he can show people what he is going through and the experiences he is experiencing. Though surrealism was a popular art movement many, many years ago, it is only recently been picked up by photographers and their digital imaging. It is a great way of express what you are feeling and thinking to the onlookers of the photographs.

Apple with Porters Model and Core Capabilities Essay Example for Free

Apple with Porter’s Model and Core Capabilities Essay Apple Inc was founded in 1976 by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak with another 20 employees, the company started in Steve’s garage. Apple inc and its subsidiaries or collectively Apple is a manufactures, design and owner of variety of high technology included media player, portable music player, personal computer, smart phone, tablet as well as selling the related digital products like software, network services, third party digital content and application for Apple’s products. Apple first announced new innovated laptops called the Mac book and the most important step for further success is the accessing the MP3 player with their own iPod in 2001. Moreover, they even entered the recently mobile phone industry with the Smartphone- Iphone in 2008. Apple has been changing the entire of the market with the position of the world’s largest producer of PC’s main marketshare holder. The featured products of Apple in the recent years include Iphone, Ipad, mac, Ipod high reted platform and its application for consumers in the iOs and Mac Os. From being Pc producer at the beginning of 80’s, with controlling a small share of industry, after several circumstances it changed to be the success organisation due to its Mac computers and other products are profitable. But there is only temporary issues for Apple to claim its market lead position in the PC industry. Apple success analysis with Porter’s strategies and Core Capabilities Goal and structure of this report In this report, a review of the current situation of personal computer industry and Apple’s PC Business and discuss: Review the of Apple by giving a brief introduction of the organisation and history of the products that are developed by Apple. Critically evaluate Porter’s five forces model and Porter’s generic strategies and discuss the extent to which these ideas by giving our strategic advice to aid the company in attaining sustainable for competitive advantage within the PC industry. Critically discuss the concept of core competencies and explain how the Apple could build on its core capabilities to enhance their further strategy. We end this report with our recomendation and our conclusion on the subject. Apple several times confirmed to bring the best user experience to their consumers thourgh their innovative products. Besides, Apple’s strategy creates a unique power to develop its own unique platform with superior quality with the simplest design and easy to approach. Apple continues to invest in research and development and marketing to maintain their products’s positions in markets. As a part of plan, Apple has been expanding its platform to delivery of third party digital content and applications via the itune which allows customers to download applications, books, music through either iOs’s products namely iPhone, iPad or Mactonish as well as Windows computers. Apple also has been supporting the information technology community in the world for the development of third party software and hardware products. Apple’s strategies in plan include both expanding its sale market to close reach more consumers and serve a superior before and after purchases su pport experience. Porter’s Five forces Competitive Force 1: Rivalry among Existing Firms Apple mainly get involve two field in the hardware industry are the personal computer and portable devices markets. According to the Credit Suisse First Boston, it is estimated that personal computer growth in 2005 will be approximately 8%, which is 3% lower than 2004. And concentration in this market which is controlled by a few very large competitors who have a great deal of capital invested in the firms, namely, Dell, HP Compaq, Gateway, and Apple. In 2005, Dell and Apple are speculated to have the most potential to increase market share in the PC market due to lack of new product introductions by other firms and the anticipation of Microsoft Longhorn in 2006. If Apple is able to increase its market share by a few percentage points, its profits and ability to spend on marketing, and research and development (R&D) could allow them to become a much more serious player. Currently, Apple dominates the portable music industry music market with an estimated 90% for hard disk based players, and 65% of the total portable music market. In both the personal computer and portable music markets, component costs are large part of the total hardware costs, but through Apple’s product differentiation and higher pricing they are able to counteract the price wars that usually ensue under such conditions. Finally, there are little to no exit barriers in either market, which could be advantageous in ousting some of Apple’s competition in the future. Competitive Force 2: Threat of New Entrants There are no many large companies that take the huge shares in market, who these are Dell, Hp, Compaq. There are large economies of scale in PC market, and it limits the new threat of entrants. The threat of entry, therefore, puts a cap on the profi t potential of an industry (Porter 2008 p 4). A new entrant have to create advantages to compare the old strong ones in computer market. And that is not the only one barrie which limits new entrant, patents of forms are legal barriers where late rival can not be competitive giant. The more patents on personal computer designs, the more competitive the leaders can get, which is not an easy for new entrant and get over with out huge amount of start-up capital in the modern market. Moreover, basically, there are two main operating systems for PC: windows and Mac OS X, and the second one is impossible to get license for new entrants. Apple is comfortable with enjoying the one of first starter in hardware manufactors of creating innovative products include Iphone, iPod while numerous portable devices in markets in last five years which are not different from others or the advantages are not enough to controll the market like Apple has been doing. The threat of a counter of consumers who eventually are being shy away from company’s dominace. The fact is the phenomenon when Microsoft is on the top of OS market and some of consumers are heading to another ocean and Mac oS and Linux are samples. Eventhough it is not an immediate threat, Apple could be aware of that. Competitive Force 3: Threat of Substitute Products On the side of PC, Apple’s market contains a huge number of products from above rivals. Especially, each of competitors possess a wide range of products in term of designs, prices, functions. It would seem as Apple PC can be replaced anytime in case of Apple’s products do not against the same level products. When the threat of substitutes is high, industry profitability suffers (Porter 2008 p7). In the last few year, Apple has reduced the concentration in PC and portable music player, it is not only because it do not create economical benefits or lack of competition. Apple recently focus on the smart phone side because it is now more competitive and provide more profit than others. The new smart phones have annouced in every season with new design and function, in term of price and level, Iphone always stays on top luxury phone while Nokia, Samsung or HTC still take pole on the low price phone to get more customers. They could be out of perform of Apple in both speed and quality, the company has set apart from other by keeping core capilities and be unique in the market. Apple would have to stay on the old road to be innovative and price- quality in conscious of loyal users as well as leading the market as the strategy against rivals. Competitive Force 4: Bargaining Power of Buyers Apple since start-up moment, always concentrate on differentiation itself from rivals by keep inside of unique way. Apple’s product represent for the symbol of innovation, luxury and high technology, by the feature of innovation, Apple sets them apart from market. The buyers less concern in term of price when give decision to purchase a product from Apple’s stores. In market, Apple create their own position for their products as it is difficult to get the same products with similar functions as well as stylish look. Moreover, customers of Apple have low relative bargaining power to consider buying a high volume of Apple’s products. Businessess are much more concern bargaining power when it end up purchasing PC or devices of Apple, in the other side, individual buyers are not literally controlling over Apple to their prices. Once Apple sells to end consumer, it has basically secured future purchases of the related products due to a lack of substitutes and third party replacement. It is more likely monopoly and give customers less relative bargaining power and substitutes to shop for better options or their demands of software and hardware upgrade. Competitive Force 5: Bargaining Power of Suppliers The company applied the strategy to take partner with various suppliers for manufacture Apple’s components for their products. In fact, Apple does not apple any limit for single supplier for process of assemble final products. This is an ace for Apple to deal with suppliers and give them less bargaining power concerning price. It is not rare in modern business, Apple used to be an alliance with Foxconn to assemble most of products, especially new Iphone and Ipad. Besides, they uses both Nvidia and ATI for video cards in computers to avoid any negative bargain in price negotiation. According to Apple report, This is the same for its motherboards (ASUSTeK and Ambit Microsystems), Display units (Samsung, Toshiba, International Display Technology), storage devices (Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, Western Digital, Seagate), and CD/DVD drives (Samsung, Hitachi Global, and LG. Phillips Co.). Powerful suppliers capture more of the value for themselves by charging higher prices,limiting quality or services, or shifting costs to industry participants (Porter 2008 p5). Porter’s Genetic Cost Leadership Strategy Cost Leadership corresponds to the â€Å"no frills† experience, like the low-cost airline carriers, who choose the cost leadership strategy to achieve competitive advantage. Apple make differentiation by making products feel uniquely from those companies or more appealing to customer demand. It is count on your several impacts, like industry, market, consumer demand, and the nature of organisation and services. This is known as differentiation strategy (Grant 2005:241-242).The key success factor of the differentiation strategy is to make it either very difficult or high level of price for rivals to replicate Apple’s ones. To achieve that, the companies have to focus on: * Production and delivery of high-quality and unique products or services; * Marketing and sales to create awareness and desire for it’s unique products. Apple is playing on niche markets. Companies pursuing Focus Strategies have a deep understanding of a particular market and the unique needs of it’s customers. They can therefore develop unique lower cost or differentiated products or services for that specific market. These companies usually have a very strong brand loyalty amongst their customers and tend to monopolize that segment (particularly in smaller markets), making it less attractive to competitors thus mitigating the risk of attack from other niche players, new entrants or broad market competitors looking to enlarge their customer base through product or service specialization. Steve Jobs and Apple’s Core Capabilities Core Strengths For one, Apple has a powerful footing in the personal computer market by being â€Å"different† with its innovative style and ease of use. Its operating system is developed in house, leaving it free from the tangles of the dominant like Microsoft operating systems. Central to an approach to strategy is organisation core capabilities which explains how company creates values and achieves superior performance, it also is the proven strength that it is different from other organisations in the market because of tacit knowledge, historical investments over time, relationships, human capital, and its culture (Lynn Perry Wooten p 7).In most of cases, there are include customer service, brand value, quality of products, organisational culture, human resources, and financial strength. Since the return of S. Jobs, Apple’s core capability approach the definition of innovation and easy to use for every end users, and digital products stick to lifestyle of consumers via functions and designs. Apple concentrate on development and sales of its core products include OS, software to hardware and portable devices. Since Apple is already recognized as one of the main leaders in the portable music market they have the ability to further increase their company image and quality image reputation. This will allow Apple to maintain their already well established clientele as well as attract new customers. The closed system is sealing the core of Apple’s strategy since Mac Os or iOS will not give license , only accept music and video through iTunes and recently the only partner of Apple in the US is AT&T for sale of iPhones. The begin of Apple is starting dominating in the market, it creates a concious in typical consumers’s mind that the design of Apple’s one is technically symbols of art of simple and fashionable. Apple engineers and designers figure that the products shoul have to look like and designate its features, and they bring that to life, wrapped with a user-friendly interface. Recommendation for the company to build based on core capabilities Use SWOT Analysis to determine your company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in each Generic Strategy scenario; Use Porter’s Five Forces to assess the balance of power and how it might affect your company; Use the Congruence Model or the McKinsey 7S Framework to determine what performance drivers your company would have in each scenario; Cross-analyze the results of each finding and work out which Generic Strategy provides the strongest set of options. Reduce cost across the value-chain by engaging with specialist suppliers; Make smart investments in specialized technology to increase production efficiency; Eliminate activities in the value-chain that are superfluous in you target segment; * Limit production to specialized products for your target segment. In a Differentiation Focus Strategy companies can: * Make its products or services increasingly specialized; * Increase differentiation through innovation and your specialized knowledge of your target customers’ needs. From our analysis and research we can lead the following statement: eventhough with superior products, Apple still stay on top with a bewared threats from rivals in their sides of markets of high tech products and digital contents. This can be explained by their own success in last ten years with the counters from both consumers and competitors. Futhermore, the bigger the company is, the more innovative and responsible the structure of Apple needs to be maintain the values of culture in organisation as well as speed of growth in development of Apple in future. By being opposite the side of strength inside the company, competitors have been learning from them and concentrate on the weakness of the core capabilities of strategy which Apple stays on the unique nature beyond the market. Reference 1. Building a Company the Steve Jobs’ Way: A Positive Deviance Approach to Strategy- Lynn Perry Wooten, PhD 2. Comprehensive Business Analysis 3. THE FIVE COMPETITIVE FORCES THATby Michael E. Porter SHAPE IN ESSENCE, the job of the strategist is to under-STRATEGY 4. http://www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2012/09/12/apples-new-foxconn-embarrassment/ 5. http://www.apple.com 6. http://www.forbes.com/markets/2005/01/21/0121automarketscan05.html 7. Porter’s Genetic strategy http://thousandinsights.wordpress.com/articles/on-strategy-planning/porters-generic-strategies/ Apple with Porter’s Model and Core Capabilities. (2016, Dec 24).

Comparison of Charter and Choice schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Comparison of Charter and Choice schools - Essay Example The parents will get chance for choosing the best educational program for their child. These are basically the public school which offer inter - district school choice program to the public. Charter school does not receive any kind of funding for their facilities. It cannot access those funds which are available under public school construction program in New Jersey. These schools are funded by tax payer dollars. These are free like any other public school in New Jersey. Most of charter schools in New Jersey are less than five years old and smaller in size than the other public school or choice school. These schools are running by getting help from the large and small companies in the country, community group, parents of the student, teachers etc. As these are non profit entity so they can serve educational facilities to limited number of students (Rofes and Stulberg, 2012). Choice school can get the opportunity to access fund which are available under public school construction program in New Jersey. These schools also get several options for funding activities. The state government is playing a crucial role in the funding activities for such kind of schools. This scho ol can also raise fund from the parents of the students. Various scholarship funds also help in this case. A charter school can be created through a proper, accurate and successful application which needs to submit to the New Jersey DOE. The proposal for opening a new school can be given to them or convert an existing public school to a charter school also can also take place. A public school will become chartered school only if the 51 % teaching staffs who are working in that school want this conversion and 51 % guardians or parents of the student want for the same. This conversion or starting a new school can be possible as per the guidelines of the New Jersey Charter School Program Act, 1995. The